RESEARCH DECK
01

The clap heard
around the AI economy

How Lux Claridge’s arrest at the July 22, 2026 Emporia City Commission meeting became a flashpoint in the debate over the proposed Flint Hills Digital Campus.

EMPORIAZONINGAI INFRASTRUCTUREPUBLIC CONSENT
THE VERIFIED INCIDENT

Lux Claridge continued to clap—and was arrested.

Police identified Lux Claridge, 37. Local reporting identified him as an Emporia High School physics teacher. Police said he continued disruptive conduct after warnings, did not comply with removal efforts, and was physically carried from the meeting.

JUL 22Emporia City Commission meeting
37Lux Claridge’s reported age
2reported charges: interference with law enforcement and disorderly conduct
WHAT THE COMMISSION APPROVED

The vote established a framework. It did not authorize construction.

01

DI-O framework

The commission approved the Digital Infrastructure Overlay regulatory framework.

02

Related rezoning

Associated industrial rezoning and overlay-inclusion measures also advanced.

03

5–0 vote

Local reporting described unanimous approval of three ordinances.

04

More reviews ahead

Site plans, utilities, agreements, permits, and construction approvals remain future steps.

ZONING ELIGIBILITY ≠ FINAL PROJECT APPROVAL ≠ CONSTRUCTION AUTHORIZATION
THE PROPOSED CAMPUS

Flint Hills Digital Campus is proposed near Emporia, Kansas.

1,000ACRESapproximately
≈ 758 football fields
APPLICANTKanza Park Place LLC
REQUESTIndustrial zoning and inclusion in the DI-O
PROJECTProposed Flint Hills Digital Campus
STATUSPotential development; additional approvals required
LOCATIONEmporia / Lyon County area

The 1,000-acre figure describes the proposed campus concept—not a completed purchase, operating facility, or approved construction footprint.

KNOWN VS. NOT DISCLOSED

The public record defines the zoning process—not the final operating project.

PUBLICLY IDENTIFIED
Flint Hills Digital Campus concept
Kanza Park Place LLC zoning applicant
Approximately 1,000 acres
DI-O and rezoning approvals
NOT PUBLICLY DISCLOSED
?Ultimate operator or end user
?Final electrical load
?Final water demand
?Utility agreement and full capital budget
WHY THE STORY TRAVELED

One meeting condensed an enormous infrastructure debate into a human confrontation.

Simple injustice frame

“Teacher arrested after clapping” is immediately legible and emotionally charged.

Hidden scale

A 1,000-acre digital campus implies decisions about land, utilities, incentives, and risk.

Information gap

The public knows the zoning applicant but not the final operator, load, water demand, or budget.

This slide is interpretation. It explains attention dynamics; it does not establish the legality of the arrest or the merits of the project.

KANSAS INCENTIVE

SB 98 created a 20-year sales and use tax exemption.

$250Meligible investment required within five years after operations commence
20 JOBSnew full-time Kansas-resident jobs within two years
10 YEARSminimum electricity-purchase agreement required by program guidance
2025SB 98 enacted

Kansas establishes the qualified data-center exemption.

JUL 1, 2025Effective date

The law takes effect before the Emporia zoning controversy.

20 YEARSExemption period

Sales and use taxes—not property taxes—are the covered incentive.

The exemption applies to qualifying sales and use taxes, not property taxes.

THE STATUTORY RATIO

At the qualifying floor, SB 98 requires $12.5M of investment per required job.

$250Mminimum eligible investment
÷ 20minimum new full-time jobs
$250M ÷ 20 = $12.5M PER REQUIRED JOB

This is an investment-to-required-job ratio. It is not a subsidy-per-job calculation and does not predict actual employment.

THE CAPITAL WAVE

The local zoning fight sits inside a multi-trillion-dollar infrastructure buildout.

$2.8TCiti forecast for cumulative AI-infrastructure spending through 2029.
$6.7TMcKinsey estimate of global data-center investment needed by 2030.

These forecasts use different scopes. They are presented separately and are not added together.

HYPERSCALER CAPEX

Four companies spent $129.8B in cash on property and equipment in Q1 2026.

Amazon
$44.2B
Alphabet
$35.7B
Microsoft
$30.9B
Meta
$19.0B
$1.44B / DAYaverage cash spending across the quarter

Cash paid for or purchases of property and equipment. These figures include assets beyond data centers and are scale indicators, not Flint Hills project spending.

HYPOTHETICAL POWER EXAMPLES

These examples are not Flint Hills specifications.

100 MWhypothetical continuous load
=
876 GWh / year≈ annual electricity use of 83,000 average U.S. homes
1 GWhypothetical continuous load
=
8.76 TWh / year≈ annual electricity use of 829,000 average U.S. homes
THE FINAL FLINT HILLS ELECTRICAL LOAD HAS NOT BEEN PUBLICLY DISCLOSED.
THE U.S. GRID

National data-center electricity use could double or triple by 2028.

2023
176 TWh4.4% of U.S. electricity
2028
325–580 TWh6.7%–12% of U.S. electricity

National forecast. It does not estimate the Flint Hills project’s undisclosed load.

GLOBAL ELECTRICITY
945 TWhprojected global data-center electricity consumption in 2030

More electricity than Japan uses today.

Forecast—not specification

The figure describes the global sector, not Flint Hills.

AI raises density

AI-optimized computing concentrates much more electrical demand in each facility.

Location becomes strategy

Power availability, grid queues, fiber, water, and permitting determine where capacity can scale.

NATIONAL WATER ESTIMATES

The national water footprint has direct and upstream components.

66B Ldirect U.S. data-center water use in 2023approximately 17 billion gallons
+
800B Lindirect water footprint from electricity generationapproximately 211 billion gallons
THE FINAL FLINT HILLS WATER DEMAND HAS NOT BEEN PUBLICLY DISCLOSED.
THE FINANCIAL RISK QUESTION

Who pays for infrastructure if a very large customer arrives—or leaves?

DATA-CENTER CUSTOMERload · buildings · computing equipment
UTILITYgeneration, substations, transmission, interconnection
STATE20-year sales and use tax exemption if SB 98 requirements are met
LOCAL GOVERNMENTplanning, roads, water review, public safety, permitting
RATEPAYERSpotential exposure depends on future rate design and contracts

This is a general risk framework. The Flint Hills utility agreement has not been publicly disclosed.

WHY COMMUNITIES PURSUE THEM

The potential upside is real—but must be distinguished from actual commitments.

01Construction demand

Large projects can support substantial temporary employment and procurement.

02Infrastructure investment

Power, fiber, roads, and water systems can attract related industry.

03Long-term tax base

Value can be significant after exemptions and subject to local tax treatment.

04Strategic positioning

Leaders want communities represented in the expanding AI supply chain.

EXTERNAL BENCHMARKLouisiana’s Meta project illustrates possible scale; it is not evidence of Flint Hills investment, jobs, or infrastructure commitments.
WHY RESIDENTS PUSH BACK

The central concern is the gap between what is approved and what is known.

Unknown end user

The ultimate operator has not been publicly disclosed.

Unknown load

The final electrical requirement is not public.

Unknown water demand

The city anticipates future water review, but final demand is not public.

Unknown agreement

Utility terms and cost allocation have not been disclosed.

Unknown full budget

A complete project capital budget is not public.

Process legitimacy

The arrest intensified attention on public participation and meeting control.

THE CIVIC COLLISION
CAPITAL MOVESFAST

site marketing
zoning applications
investment cycles
utility queues

×
CONSENT MOVESSLOW

public notice
technical review
hearings
trust-building

Interpretation: Claridge’s arrest changed a zoning debate into a national argument about whether public order and public participation were being balanced fairly.

A BETTER PUBLIC BARGAIN

Future approvals can convert unknowns into enforceable terms.

OPEN QUESTIONPUBLIC PROTECTIONMEASURABLE TERM
Electrical loadUtility capacity and rate reviewInitial and maximum MW; customer-funded upgrades
Stranded assetsLong-term contractual protectionExit costs, security, and take-or-pay obligations
Water demandPublic water planWithdrawals, consumption, reuse, drought limits
Jobs and investmentPerformance testsSB 98 milestones plus local clawbacks where lawful
Operator identityDisclosure milestoneEnd user disclosed before final agreements
ConstructionSeparate final approvalsSite plan, development agreements, permits, code review
THE NEXT-MEETING TEST

Six questions the next approval should answer.

01Who is the final operator or end user?
02What are the initial and maximum electrical loads?
03What are the normal and drought-year water demands?
04Who pays for utility and public infrastructure?
05What investment, jobs, wages, deadlines, and clawbacks are binding?
06Which approvals remain before construction can legally begin?
SOURCES · PROJECT

Primary and local sources

1Emporia Police · Arrest notice
https://www.emporiaks.gov/CivicAlerts.aspx?AID=503

2WIBW · July 22 meeting and vote
https://www.wibw.com/2026/07/23/emporia-city-commission-votes-next-steps-with-data-centers-man-arrested-meeting/

3City of Emporia · Digital Infrastructure Overlay Proposal
https://www.emporiaks.gov/1592/Digital-Infrastructure-Overlay-Proposal

4Data Center Dynamics · Flint Hills Digital Campus proposal and approximately 1,000 acres
https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/gigawatt-scale-data-center-campus-proposed-in-kansas/

5Kansas Department of Commerce · SB 98 Data Center Sales Tax Exemption
https://www.kansascommerce.gov/program/business-incentives-and-services/sb-98-data-center-sales-tax-exemption/

6Kansas Legislature · SB 98
https://kslegislature.gov/b2025_26/bills/sb98/

7–8Citi and McKinsey investment forecasts
https://www.citigroup.com/global/insights/citigps/ai-infrastructure-a-trillion-dollar-opportunity
https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/technology-media-and-telecommunications/our-insights/the-cost-of-compute-a-7-trillion-dollar-race-to-scale-data-centers

FINAL SOURCE AUDIT

Every quantitative claim is labeled by evidence type.

FACTIncident, vote, applicant, zoning status, SB 98 terms, and company capex use official or direct reporting sources.

CALC1,000 acres ≈ 758 football fields; $250M ÷ 20 = $12.5M; 100 MW and 1 GW electricity equivalents; combined capex totals and growth.

FORECASTCiti $2.8T; McKinsey $6.7T; DOE/LBNL 2028 U.S. electricity range; IEA 2030 global electricity.

ESTIMATEDOE/LBNL national direct and indirect water figures and household electricity equivalents.

INTERPRETATIONVirality, civic legitimacy, risk allocation, community motivations, and policy recommendations.

NOT CLAIMEDNo final Flint Hills operator, electrical load, water demand, utility agreement, property-tax exemption, complete capital budget, or construction approval is asserted.

9Microsoft FY2026 Q3 Form 10-Q
https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/789019/000119312526191507/0001193125-26-191507-index.htm

10Amazon 2026 Q1 Form 10-Q
https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1018724/000101872426000014/0001018724-26-000014-index.htm

11Alphabet 2026 Q1 Form 10-Q
https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1652044/000165204426000048/0001652044-26-000048-index.htm

12Meta 2026 Q1 Form 10-Q
https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1326801/000162828026028526/0001628280-26-028526-index.htm

13EIA household electricity use · https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=97&t=3

14–17DOE/LBNL, IEA, Pew, and Louisiana benchmark
https://eta.lbl.gov/publications/2024-lbnl-data-center-energy-usage-report
https://www.iea.org/reports/energy-and-ai
https://www.pew.org/en/research-and-analysis/articles/2026/04/28/data-centers-represent-a-significant-new-group-of-electricity-consumers
https://www.opportunitylouisiana.gov/news/meta-selects-northeast-louisiana-as-site-of-largest-ai-data-center-in-company-history

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